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Authors
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Vera N. Babina — Сandidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Sub-Department of Philosophy and Social Communication, Penza State University, 40 Krasnaya street, Penza, 440026, Russia, vera.babina@mail.ru
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Abstract
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Background. The article is devoted to the pressing problem of modern science and philosophy, namely the definition of the gnoseological potential of intuitive knowledge based on the analysis of historical and philosophical sources. An attempt is made to identify the intuitive determinants of not only knowledge, but also life of a person, his/her spiritual activity. Materials and methods. The study applies the principles of consistency, structure and integrity. The methodological and theoretical basis of the study is a historical and philosophical analysis of the problem of intuitive knowledge based on primary sources and generalization of the findings of modern authors. Results. The author finds that the ontological and cosmological system of Neoplatonism sets the contours of gnoseological constructions. The lowest level - sensory perception - informs a person of information about the material world, which is as far from true knowledge as the objects themselves are from ideas. The mind is a capacity that not only talks about the external world, but is also turned on itself. Sensory cognition and mental reasoning are completely controllable and manageable, the knowledge obtained with the help of these capacities is discursive in nature. A feature of the highest level is determined - its inexpressibility regardless of the certainty of its truth. The article argues that the highest level of cognition in Neoplatonism can be called intuitive, since intuition is most often defined as the most important ability of cognition, giving it integrity in mutual complementarity with experience and thinking. Conclusions. The analysis of historical-philosophical, scientific-theoretical and methodological sources allows speaking of intuition as cognitive creativity. In Neoplatonism, intuition is presented in the form of contemplation of the One, knowledge of the simple, indivisible, absolutely reliable and at the same time inexpressible. In modern philosophy, the ideas of Neoplatonism can be interpreted as one of the foundations for understanding rational and non-rational cognition. The problem of the gnoseological potential of intuition is one of the complex problems in modern scientific knowledge, and its solution will make it possible to create a holistic philosophical and gnoseological concept of intuition.
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